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Dion Dublin

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Dion Dublin
Dublin with Norwich City in 2008
Personal information
Full name Dion Dublin[1]
Date of birth (1969-04-22) 22 April 1969 (age 55)[2]
Place of birth Leicester, England
Height 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)[3]
Position(s) Centre-forward
Centre-back
Team information
Current team
Cambridge United
(Club Director)
Youth career
Wigston Fields
1985–1988 Norwich City
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1988–1992 Cambridge United 156 (52)
1988Barnet (loan) 1 (0)
1988Wycombe Wanderers (loan) 2 (0)
1992–1994 Manchester United 12 (2)
1994–1998 Coventry City 145 (61)
1998–2004 Aston Villa 155 (48)
2002Millwall (loan) 5 (2)
2004–2006 Leicester City 58 (5)
2006 Celtic 11 (1)
2006–2008 Norwich City 70 (12)
Total 615 (183)
International career
1998 England 4 (0)
*Club domestic league appearances and goals

Dion Dublin (born 22 April 1969) is an English former professional footballer, television presenter and pundit. He is a club director of Cambridge United.

As a player he was a centre-forward, notably playing in the Premier League for Manchester United, Coventry City and Aston Villa. He also had spells in the Scottish Premiership with Celtic, in the Conference with Wycombe Wanderers, and in The Football League with Cambridge United, Barnet, Millwall, Leicester City and Norwich City. He was capped four times for England.

Following his retirement from football, Dublin moved into the entertainment business. He is also an amateur percussionist, and invented a percussion instrument called "The Dube". In 2011, he accompanied Ocean Colour Scene in a gig at the University of East Anglia, Norwich. In 2015, he joined the presenting team on the BBC One daytime show Homes Under the Hammer and has appeared as a regular pundit for BBC Sport on Football Focus, Match of the Day and Final Score. He also occasionally provides co-commentary on live televised FA Cup games.

Club career

[edit]

Norwich City

[edit]

Dublin was born in Leicester. While at school he played for several Leicestershire youth teams, including Wigston Fields and Thurmaston Magpies.[4] He then went on to begin his professional footballing career with Norwich City after leaving school in 1985, but never made a first-team appearance and was released by the club in 1988.

Cambridge United

[edit]

In August 1988, Dublin joined Cambridge United on a free transfer,[5] as a centre-forward, which had been his position at Norwich City. However, due to injuries he had to make a number of appearances at centre-half.[citation needed] His prolific goalscoring helped United to successive promotions. During the 1988–89 season, Dublin was then loaned out for short spells with Barnet and Wycombe Wanderers.[6][7] The 1989–90 season saw Cambridge promoted from the Fourth Division via the play-offs, when Dublin became the first ever scorer in a Wembley play-off final.

In the 1990–91 season, the club were champions of the Third Division, and the club also reached the quarter-final of the FA Cup in both seasons, with Dublin scoring at Arsenal in 1991.[8] In the 1991–92 season, he played a big part in helping Cambridge to their highest ever finishing position in the football league, by finishing in fifth place in the last season of the old Second Division, but when Cambridge failed to win promotion to the top flight via the play-offs Dublin was put up for sale. He has since spoken many times of his affection for Cambridge United.

Manchester United

[edit]

Having seen Dublin in a cup tie, Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson signed him for £1 million on 7 August 1992, fighting off competition from Chelsea and Everton.[9] Dublin was something of a surprise purchase for United,[10] after Ferguson had tried to sign Alan Shearer from Southampton but lost out to Blackburn Rovers.[11]

He scored in United's fourth Premier League game of the 1992–93 season, a last minute winner in United's first Premier league victory – 1–0 against Southampton at The Dell.[12] However, on 2 September, he suffered a broken leg against Crystal Palace in a 1–0 win at Old Trafford, after a tackle by Eric Young,[13] and was out of action for six months.[14] By the time he had recovered, however, United had signed Eric Cantona and the Frenchman was firmly established as first choice strike partner to Mark Hughes. United won the league that season for the first time since 1967, but Dublin failed to make the 10 Premier League appearances required to automatically gain a title winner's medal. However, he was given a medal as a result of special dispensation from the Premier League.

In the 1993–94 season, Dublin regained his fitness, but his first team chances were restricted by the successful partnership of Cantona and Hughes. In December 1993, Ferguson agreed a deal with Everton manager Howard Kendall, that would have seen Dublin moving to Goodison Park, but a member of Everton's board of directors, apparently feeling that Dublin was not worth the money Kendall had offered United, intervened to prevent the transfer going through – this dispute sparked Kendall's resignation as manager. Dublin would remain a United player for another nine months, but never managed to claim a regular place in the first team.[15]

He managed five league appearances that season, scoring once in a 3–2 home win over Oldham Athletic in early April, his goal helping secure a vital victory in the title run-in during a spell when United started to drop points and Blackburn Rovers were closing in on them.[16] He also managed a further goal in the Football League Cup second round first leg, as United were beaten 2–1 by Stoke City at the Victoria Ground. The goal against Oldham was the only competitive goal that Dublin scored for United at Old Trafford. He was left out of the FA Cup winning team against Chelsea and failed to make enough appearances to merit another Premier League title winners medal. In September 1994, he was sold to Coventry City for £2 million – a record signing for Coventry City at the time – and also one of the largest fees received by Manchester United.[17][18]

Coventry City

[edit]

In four years with Coventry, Dublin established himself as one of the Premier League's top strikers and during the 1997–98 season won the first of his four full England caps. That season, he equalled the Coventry City record for most goals in a top division season, with 23 goals in all competitions.

Following Phil Neal's departure in 1995, the arrival of Ron Atkinson and Gordon Strachan would see Dublin fit into an attacking team in the typical Atkinson mould. It included the likes of Noel Whelan, John Salako and Darren Huckerby to add to the already attack minded Peter Ndlovu. The addition of Gary McAllister, following UEFA Euro 1996, should have provided mid-table stability, but the team's defensive frailties often undermined Dublin's scoring at the other end. This culminated in possibly one of the greatest escapes in Premier League history in May 1997. Despite having won away to Liverpool (Dublin scoring in the dying seconds) and at home to Chelsea at the start of April, the Sky Blues could only manage two points from their following three games. City went into the final day second from bottom of the table, needing not only to beat Tottenham away from home, but also for results elsewhere in the league to go their way for them to escape relegation. They achieved the most unlikely of escapes; first-half goals from Dublin and Paul Williams gave Coventry a 2–1 win at White Hart Lane, while Sunderland lost at Wimbledon and Middlesbrough could only manage a draw at Leeds.[19] Coventry finished the season in 17th place, one point outside the relegation zone.[20]

The following season, the Sky Blues improved at home and enjoyed a season of mid-table security. Dublin formed an impressive partnership with Darren Huckerby which not only produced some memorable goals, but also propelled the Sky Blues to the FA Cup sixth round against Sheffield United; a game they narrowly lost in a penalty shoot-out. On 8 November 1997, Dublin scored one of the most bizarre goals in Premier League history. Early in the match against Newcastle, goalkeeper Shay Given collected a cross from the right and placed the ball in front of him. The ball was still in play, and Dublin, who had attempted to meet the cross and was now behind Given, reappeared and calmly slotted the ball into the empty goal. This led to the joke: "Shay Given, the only Irishman who doesn't know where Dublin is." The match ended 2-2, with Dublin also scoring City's second goal in the second half.[21] The 1997–98 season also saw Dublin share elite status as the Premier League's top scorer with Blackburn Rovers' Chris Sutton and Liverpool's Michael Owen – each Englishman scoring 18 league goals. During this season, Blackburn manager Roy Hodgson tabled a bid which Dublin rejected. He remained at Highfield Road and contributed to Coventry's best finish to date in the Premiership (11th).

Aston Villa

[edit]

Dublin was controversially excluded from the England 1998 FIFA World Cup squad, despite being the Premier League's joint top-scorer in the 1997–98 season. However, his exploits at club level were still attracting significant attention, and in the autumn of 1998, he chose to move to Aston Villa for £5.75 million.[22] In his first four games for the club, he would score seven goals, including a memorable hat-trick against Southampton in only his second game for Villa. As a result, he is one of only six players to score in the first four consecutive games for a Premier League club.[23]

In December 1999, while playing for Aston Villa against Sheffield Wednesday, he sustained a life-threatening broken neck,[24] as a result of which he permanently has a titanium plate holding three neck vertebrae together. Just days before suffering this injury, it was reported in the News of the World that Dublin would soon be sold by Aston Villa for a fee of around £6 million as the club looked to finance a fall in its share value as a result of manager John Gregory's heavy expenditure on players.

However, the injury did not end Dublin's career and he was back in action three months later.[25]

In April 2000, a week after returning to the team, he helped Aston Villa reach their first FA Cup final in 43 years, which they lost 1–0 against Chelsea,[26] scoring a penalty in the semi-final shoot-out against Bolton Wanderers.[27]

Faced with competition for a first-team place by new signings Juan Pablo Ángel and Peter Crouch, Dublin spent several weeks on loan at First Division Millwall towards the end of the 2001–02 season. In his time there, he scored two goals, against Stockport County[28] and Grimsby Town[29] in five league matches to help them into the play-offs, where despite Dublin's goal in the first leg of the semi-final,[30] against Villa's arch rivals Birmingham City,[31] Millwall lost 2–1 on aggregate.[32] Following Millwall's elimination from the play-offs, Dublin returned to Aston Villa in time for their final game of the season, against Chelsea at Stamford Bridge. He replaced Darius Vassell in the 84th minute and scored Villa's third goal in a 3–1 win.[33]

Dublin once again found himself a first-choice striker at the start of the 2002–03 season, partnering Vassell up front. In March 2003, he was sent off at Villa Park for a headbutt on Robbie Savage in the Birmingham derby match, which ended 2–0 to Birmingham City.[34]

Leicester City

[edit]

When his contract expired in the summer of 2004, he was given a free transfer. He was signed by Leicester City, who had been relegated from the Premier League to the Championship.[35] In his first season with the club, he scored only four goals in 38 competitive matches. During the 2005–06 season, Dublin lost his place as the team's main striker, but continued to appear as a defender. His contract at Leicester City was terminated by mutual consent on 30 January 2006.

Celtic

[edit]

He was snapped up quickly by then Celtic manager Gordon Strachan, to cover for the loss of Chris Sutton, on a contract until the end of the season.[36] At Celtic, Dublin achieved double success, with Scottish League Cup and Scottish Premier League winner's medals. On 19 March 2006, Dublin came on as a substitute and scored the final goal as Celtic defeated Dunfermline 3–0 to win the Scottish League Cup final,[37] and also played enough matches with Celtic to merit a title medal. In the league, he made three league starts and eight substitute appearances for Celtic, scoring once against Kilmarnock on 9 April 2006 in a 4–1 win at Rugby Park.[38] Despite one or two decent performances for the Parkhead outfit, Dublin was released by Strachan in May 2006.

Return to Norwich City

[edit]
Dublin battling in the air against Tom Kemp in the FA Cup game with Tamworth.

On 20 September 2006, Norwich City announced that Dublin had joined them until the end of the 2006–07 season. It marked a return, almost 20 years after leaving, for Dublin to the club where he began his career. He made his debut on 23 September 2006 when he came on as substitute against Plymouth Argyle. He scored his first competitive goal in Norwich City colours in a 3–3 draw against Queens Park Rangers on 14 October 2006 at Loftus Road. Steve Wilson cited Dublin as the main inspiration behind Norwich's 4–1 FA Cup 3rd Round win at Tamworth, in which the striker scored two goals and set up numerous chances for other teammates.

Dublin was an important figure in Norwich securing safety from relegation to League One and the supporters recognised his contribution by voting him in second place in the Norwich City player of the year award, and on 23 May 2007 he ended speculation about his future by signing a new one-year contract at Norwich, keeping him at the club until the end of the 2007–08 season. On 2 September 2007, while working as a pundit on a match between Aston Villa and Chelsea, Dublin said that this season would be his last as a professional footballer, citing the fact that his "bones have started to talk to him" as the reason, meaning that he did not think his body can handle another season.[citation needed]

"It was incredible at Hillsborough. If you think of the stadia I could've retired at, away from Norwich of course, with the history and the feeling, then Sheffield Wednesday was the perfect place".

Dion Dublin[39]
Dion applauds Norwich City fans before kick-off in his final appearance for the Canaries, Hillsborough, 4 May 2008

In the spring of 2008, Dublin was approached by Jimmy Quinn, then manager of Cambridge United, about joining his old club for the 2008–09 season. However, the player would not change his mind about retiring. He was voted the club's Player of the Year and awarded the Barry Butler trophy on 26 April 2008 in his final season as a footballer, at his penultimate game, and on his final appearance at Carrow Road. Dublin played his final game on 4 May 2008, featuring in Norwich's 4–1 loss to Sheffield Wednesday in front of 36,208 fans at Hillsborough – the highest Championship attendance that season.[39] When he was taken off in the 66th minute, Dublin received a standing ovation from both sets of supporters and players, and referee Mark Clattenburg.

International career

[edit]

Dublin earned his first cap for England on 11 February 1998, playing the whole 90 minutes in the 2–0 friendly defeat to Chile at Wembley Stadium.[40] In the run-up to the 1998 FIFA World Cup, Dublin played in the King Hassan II International Cup Tournament in May, starting in the 1–0 win against Morocco,[41] and coming off the bench in 0–0 draw with Belgium, a game England lost on penalties.[42] Despite showing good form and versatility throughout the season, including finishing joint top scorer in the Premier League with 18 goals, Glenn Hoddle included Les Ferdinand ahead of Dublin in his 22-man squad for the tournament in France.[43] On 18 November, he started in the 2–0 friendly win against the Czech Republic at Wembley Stadium.[44] This turned out to be Dublin's last cap for his country.[45] He won four caps for England but did not score any goals.[45]


Career statistics

[edit]

Club

[edit]
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition[46]
Club Season League Domestic Cup League Cup Europe Total
Division Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Manchester United 1992–93 Premier League 7 1 7 1
1993–94 Premier League 5 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 9 2
Total 13 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 16 3
Coventry City 1994–95 Premier League 31 13 0 0 1 0 32 13
1995–96 Premier League 34 14 0 0 0 0 34 14
1996–97 Premier League 34 13 0 0 0 0 34 13
1997–98 Premier League 36 18 4 2 1 0 41 20
1998–99 Premier League 10 3 0 0 0 0 10 3
Total 145 61 4 2 2 0 151 63
Aston Villa 1998–99 Premier League 24 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 9
1999–00 Premier League 26 12 3 1 3 2 3 1 35 16
2000–01 Premier League 33 8 3 0 1 0 3 1 40 9
2001–02 Premier League 21 4 0 0 2 1 7 1 30 6
2002–03 Premier League 28 10 1 0 4 4 2 0 35 14
2003–04 Premier League 23 3 0 0 5 0 0 0 28 3
Total 155 46 7 1 15 7 15 3 192 57
Millwall (loan) 2001–02 First Division 5 2 0 0 0 0 5 2
Leicester City 2004–05 Championship 37 5 5 1 0 0 42 6
2005–06 Championship 21 0 0 0 2 0 23 0
Total 58 5 5 1 2 0 65 6
Celtic 2005–06 Scottish Premier League 10 1 0 0 0 0 10 1
Norwich City 2006–07 Championship 33 5 4 2 1 0 38 7
2007–08 Championship 37 7 2 1 2 1 41 9
Total 70 12 6 3 3 1 79 16
Career total 455 125 24 7 23 9 16 3 503 148

International

[edit]
Appearances and goals by national team and year
National team Year Apps Goals
England 1998 4 0
Total 4 0

Television career

[edit]

Since retiring from football, Dublin has worked in the media as a pundit for Sky Sports. As well as appearing on Ford Super Sunday with Richard Keys, Dublin has commentated on a number of games including the UEFA Champions League games with Martin Tyler. He has also been a member of the panel on BBC Radio 5 Live's Fighting Talk. He has also co-presented 606 on BBC Radio 5 Live, Match of the Day 2 and was also a regular on BBC One's Late Kick Off in the East region. He joined Lucy Alexander and Martin Roberts on Homes Under the Hammer in 2015.[47]

Also for the BBC, he has appeared as a regular pundit for BBC Sport namely on Football Focus, Match of the Day or Final Score. He also occasionally provides co-commentary on live televised FA Cup games.

In August 2021 it was announced that Dublin would be a competitor on BBC's Celebrity MasterChef.[48] He reached the final.[49]

Personal life

[edit]

Away from football, during his spell with Norwich,[50] he invented a percussion instrument called The Dube,[51] a form of cajón. In 2011, he accompanied Ocean Colour Scene during a gig at the University of East Anglia.[50][52]

In July 2021, Dublin was appointed as a club director at former club Cambridge United.[53][54]

Honours

[edit]

Cambridge United

Manchester United

Aston Villa

Celtic

Individual

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Dion Dublin". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 7 March 2017.
  2. ^ Dion Dublin at Soccerbase
  3. ^ Dykes, Garth (1994). The United Alphabet: A Complete Who's Who of Manchester United F.C. Leicester: ACL & Polar Publishing. p. 116. ISBN 0-9514862-6-8.
  4. ^ "Dublin urges football hopefuls to listen and learn". 11 June 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  5. ^ Gardner, John (28 October 1998). "I'm not Dublin your money; Roy won't give Dion any special wage deal". Daily Record. The Free Library. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  6. ^ Lewis, Paul (1 January 2000). "YOUR QUICK GUIDE TO THE U's FROM CAMBRIDGE..." Chairboys on the Net. Chairboys on the Net. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  7. ^ Lewis, Paul (10 September 2020). "I believe this is the only picture of Dion Dublin playing for Wycombe Wanderers – October 1988. BTW – this is BASIC WYCOMBE KNOWLEDGE". Chairboys on the Net. Retrieved 11 July 2022 – via Twitter.
  8. ^ a b Ellis, Adam (9 March 2016). "Where Are They Now? Cambridge United's Div 3 Champions 1990/91". The League Paper. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  9. ^ Metcalf, Rupert (7 August 1992). "Football: United sign pounds 1m Dublin". The Independent. London. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  10. ^ "On this day: Dion Dublin joins Manchester United – Sports Mole". sportsmole.co.uk. 7 August 2013.
  11. ^ "July 27 - Shearer Joins Blackburn Rovers". Archived from the original on 14 October 2009. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
  12. ^ Slot, Owen (25 August 1992). "Dublin delivers perfect finish for United". The Independent. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  13. ^ Allsop, Derick (3 September 1992). "Dublin facing five months out with broken leg". The Independent. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  14. ^ "Dion Dublin Q & A". Daily Mirror. 10 March 1997. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  15. ^ "Howard Kendall: Bolt from the Blue". The Independent. 23 October 2011.
  16. ^ Lovejoy, Joe (5 April 1994). "United stay clear of rampant Rovers: Ince relieves fraying Old Trafford nerves – Dalglish's men keep up the pressure as Oldham and Everton drop closer to relegation". The Independent. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  17. ^ Burton, Mark (10 September 1994). "Dublin moves to Coventry". The Independent. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  18. ^ "No Headline Present". HeraldScotland. 10 September 1994.
  19. ^ "Matchweek 41 Results". Premier League. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  20. ^ "Final 1996-97 Premier League table". Premier League. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  21. ^ "Coventry v Newcastle, 1997/98". Premier League. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  22. ^ "Dublin becomes a Villan". BBC Sport. 5 November 1998. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  23. ^ "Coyle happy to take a loan". Bolton News. 4 March 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
  24. ^ Curtis, John (21 December 1999). "Dublin's neck injury could have left him crippled". The Independent. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  25. ^ "Flown From the Nest – Dion Dublin". ex-canaries.co.uk.
  26. ^ "Chelsea claim FA Cup glory". BBC Sport. 20 May 2000. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  27. ^ "Villa book Cup final place". BBC Sport. 2 April 2000. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  28. ^ "Millwall 3–0 Stockport". BBC Sport. 30 March 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  29. ^ "Lions see off Mariners". BBC Sport. 21 April 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  30. ^ "Bruce salutes Dublin". BBC Sport. 28 April 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  31. ^ "Dublin dents Birmingham". BBC Sport. 28 April 2002. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  32. ^ "Birmingham steal win". BBC Sport. 2 May 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  33. ^ "Villa treble downs Blues". BBC Sport. 11 May 2002. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  34. ^ "Blues win fierce derby". BBC Sport. 3 March 2003. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  35. ^ "Leicester seal Dublin deal". BBC Sport. 12 June 2004. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  36. ^ "Veteran Dublin signs for Celtic". BBC Sport. 30 January 2006. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
  37. ^ "Football Fixtures & Results – Updated Match Odds – Soccer Base". soccerbase.com. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 19 March 2006.
  38. ^ "Kilmarnock 1–4 Celtic". BBC Sport. 9 April 2006. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  39. ^ a b Sheffield Wednesday vs Wigan Athletic. Wednesday – match programme. 2 August 2008. p. 43.
  40. ^ "Salas sinks England". BBC Sport. 11 February 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  41. ^ "Morocco 0–1 England". EnglandStats.com. England International Database. 27 May 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  42. ^ "England 0–1 Belgium". EnglandStats.com. England International Database. 29 May 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  43. ^ "Gazza axed and flies home". BBC Sport. 1 June 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  44. ^ "England 2–0 Czech Republic". EnglandStats.com. England International Database. 18 November 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  45. ^ a b "Dion Dublin". Englandstats.com. Retrieved 11 September 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  46. ^ "Dion Dublin | Football Stats | No Club | Age 54 | 1988–2008 | Soccer Base". www.soccerbase.com. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  47. ^ "Dion Dublin joins BBC One Daytime show Homes Under The Hammer – Media Centre". BBC.
  48. ^ "Celebrity MasterChef 2021 line-up: Meet the 20 contestants confirmed for series 16". Radio Times.
  49. ^ "BBC One – Celebrity MasterChef, Series 16, Episode 17". BBC. 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  50. ^ a b "Dublin reveals musical side". BBC News. 28 February 2011.
  51. ^ "Dion Dublin has Created a Brand New Instrument Called The Dube". vice.com. 12 June 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  52. ^ "VIDEO: Dion Dublin plays The Dube with Ocean Colour Scene". MusicRadar.com. 4 March 2011.
  53. ^ "Dion Dublin appointed director of former club Cambridge". shropshirestar.com. 15 July 2021.
  54. ^ "Ex-Man Utd forward returns to Cambridge". BBC Sport.
  55. ^ a b c "Dion Dublin: Overview". Premier League. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  56. ^ "Angel carries Villa home". The Telegraph. 21 August 2001. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  57. ^ Grahame, Ewing (30 March 2008). "The teams Gordon Strachan built at Celtic". The Daily Telegraph. London. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  58. ^ "Dunfermline 0-3 Celtic". 19 March 2006. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  59. ^ "Coventry City | Club | History | History | Hall of Fame". 22 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
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